Table of Contents:

• Biography of Hazrat Abu Bakr (rta):
  • Early Life
  • Conversion to Islam and Services
  • He is Persecuted
  • His Daughter Aishah is Married to the Prophet
  • Flight to Madinah
  • Services in Madinah
  • Part in Warfare
  • Abu Bakr as Imam during the Prophet’s Last Days
  • The Prophet’s Demise
  • Abu Bakr’s Election as Caliph
  • Abu Bakr’s Statesmanship
  • Abu Bakr’s Address to the People
  • Ali and Abu Bakr
  • Abu Bakr Duly Elected Caliph
  • Usamah’s Army Despatched to Syria
  • False Claimants to Prophethood:
    • Aswad Ansi
    • Musailimah
    • Tulaihah
    • Sajah
  • The Apostasy Movement
  • Refusal to Pay Zakat
  • The Defence of Madinah
  • Rebel Attack on Madinah Repulsed
  • Despatch of Expedition to Different Quarters
  • Object of Expeditions
  • Khalid Defeats Tulaihah
  • Malik ibn Nawairah
  • Khalid Defeats Musailimah
  • Bahrain Rebellion Crushed
  • Uman and Mahrah Cleared of Rebels
  • Yaman and Hadramaut Restored
  • Conflict with Roman Empire and Persia
  • Insurrection called for Fortification of Frontiers
  • Abu Bakr’s Motives in Sending Expeditions to Frontiers
  • The Strength of the Caliphate as Compared with the Two Empires
  • Aggression on the Enemy’s Part
  • Trouble in Arabia Fomented by Persia and Rome
  • Muthanna’s Expeditions
  • Khalid Reinforces Muthanna and Assumes Command
  • Hirah taken
  • Jizyah and Charge of Loot
  • Conquest of Anbar and Ain al-Tamr
  • Expedition on the Northern Frontier
  • The Battle of Ajnadain
  • Abu Bakr’s Illness and Death
  • Simplicity of his Life
  • The Collection of the Quran
  • The Collection of Zakat
  • Government by Counsel
  • Position of the Ruler
  • Treatment of Enemies
  • Strength of Character
  • Appearance and Character
• Biography of Hazrat Umar (rta):
  • Early Life
  • Conversion to Islam
  • The Flight
  • Help Rendered to the Cause of Islam
  • The Prophet’s Death and After
  • Umar Pursues the Frontier Policy of Abu Bakr
  • Objection against Early Muslim Conquests
  • The Safety of Arabia the Sole Motive of the Early Caliphate Wars
  • Defeat Enhanced Persia’s and Rome’s Passion for Revenge
  • A Necessity of War
  • Islam, Jizyah or the Sword
  • Significance of the Alleged Message
  • Persian Forces under Hurmuz
  • Muslim General’s appeal to Caliph
  • Hirah Lost and Regained
  • Battle at Namaraq
  • Battle of Jasr
  • Persia again Defeated at Buwaib
  • Sa‘d appointed Generalissimo
  • Battle of Qadisiyah
  • Sa‘d’s advance on Madain
  • The Western Part Evacuated by Persians
  • Fall of Madain
  • Persians’ advance on and Defeat at Jalula
  • Battle of Takrit
  • Christian Tribes Embrace Islam
  • Mosul Occupied
  • Damascus Conquered
  • Battle of Fihl
  • Battle of Hims
  • Battle of Yarmuk
  • Jerusalem Capitulates
  • Treaty of Jerusalem
  • Greek Efforts to Expel Muslims from Syria
  • Conquest of Jazirah
  • Removal of Khalid
  • Plague of Amwas
  • Egypt Invaded
  • Fall of Fustat
  • Fall of Alexandria
  • Library of Alexandria
  • The Suez Canal
  • Campaign in Khuzistan
  • Hurmuzan becomes Muslim
  • Ban against Advance on Persia Withdrawn
  • Death of Umar
  • Reasons Underlying the Great Conquest of Umar’s Reign
  • Weakening of the Roman and Persian Empires
  • False Charge of Love of Loot
  • Glorious Deeds of the Muslim Soldiers
  • Solidarity of Islam
  • Democratic Spirit
  • Simple Life and Concern for the Ruled
  • Treatment of non-Muslims
  • Condition of Women in the Time of Umar
  • Gradual Abolition of Slavery
  • Equality of Man
  • Works of Public Good
  • Spreading of Islam and Knowledge of Quran
  • Soldier and Administrator
  • A True Successor of the Prophet
• Biography of Hazrat Usman (rta):
  • Early Life
  • Conversion to Islam
  • Emigration to Abyssinia
  • Services Rendered to the Cause of Islam
  • Uthman’s Part in Warfare
  • Part Played in Earlier Caliphate
  • Elected Caliph
  • Revolt in Persia Leads to Extension of Empire
  • Roman Attack on Syria and further Conquests
  • Cyprus Occupied
  • Roman Invasion of Egypt and further Conquests in Africa
  • Causes of the Discontent in Uthman’s Caliphate
  • Appointment and Dismissal of Governors
  • Uthman’s Impartiality in the Choice of Governors
  • Ibn Saba Leads Agitation against Uthman
  • Agitation gains Strength
  • Disaffection Spreads among Bedouins
  • Deportation of Abu Dharr
  • Burning of Inauthentic Copies of the Holy Quran
  • Mischief Started
  • Enquiry into Grievances
  • Governors’ Conference
  • Seditionists Gather at Madinah
  • Seditionists’ Entry into Madinah
  • The Caliph is Maltreated and Imprisoned in his House
  • Madinah Muslims Averse to Shedding Muslim Blood
  • Annual Pilgrimage
  • The Caliph is Salin
  • Uthman Sacrificed his Life for the Unity of Islam
  • Prophet’s Great Qualities Mirrored in the First Four Caliphs
  • Uthman took nothing from the Public Treasury Uthman’s Reign
  • Administration
  • Standardisation of the Quran
  • Manners and Morals
• Biography of Hazrat Ali (rta):
  • Early Life
  • Conversion to Islam and Determination to Help the Cause
  • Flight to Madinah
  • Marriage with Fatimah
  • Martial Exploits
  • As an Envoy and Preacher of Islam
  • At the Prophet’s Death
  • Oath of Allegiance to the Caliph
  • Ali becomes Caliph
  • Dissensions within the House of Islam
  • Demand of Retribution against Uthman’s Assassins
  • Appointment of New Governors
  • War Preparations against Muawiyah
  • Aishah, Talhah and Zubair Demand Retribution for Uthman’s Murder
  • Purity of their Motives
  • Aishah Captures Basrah
  • Aishah was against Fighting
  • Ali’s Attack on Basrah and Negotiations with Talhah and Zubair
  • Battle of Jamal
  • Kufah as Capital and Calling Muawiyah to Submission
  • Relations between Ali and Muawiyah
  • Battle of Siffin
  • Desertion of Ali’s Troops
  • The Arbitrators’ Award
  • Battle against the Khawarij
  • The Khawarij cause further Trouble
  • Muawiyah Captures Egypt
  • Later Period of Ali’s Reign
  • Ali’s Martyrdom
  • Ali’s Reign
  • No better Choice of Caliph could have been made
  • Ali’s Learning
  • Ali’s Devotions